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Units (198)

Oriental Scale

Image

Name

Family/Sub

Ring
Types

Minimum AR

Ideal AR¹

Sample

Ring Count

See also OS Hugger units.

Oriental Scale (OS)
(M.A.I.L.)

Japanese, Captive, Orbital

(2.7, 5.9)

(2.7, 5.9) - (3.0, 6.6+)

3.0, 6.4
(five units)

JDS, JDS Web base unit. Repeats into OS Dodecahedron. OrbitTR(O1) base unit.
(Tutorial)

Japanese Dragonscale Web (Oriental Scale Net)

Oriental Scale 4 (OS4)

Japanese, Captive, Orbital

-(2.8, 7.9, 5.1)+

2.8, 8.4, 5.6
(three units)

4-sided OS. JDS4 base unit. See also QOrbitTR(O1). Ring size-specific.

Oriental Scale 5 (OS5)

Japanese, Captive, Orbital

-(2.8, 9.9, 4.3)+

2.8, 9.9, 4.3

5-sided OS. Very ring size-specific.

Inverted Oriental Scale (IOS)
(M.A.I.L.)

Japanese, Captive, Orbital

(3.0, 6.4)

(3.0, 6.4+)

3.0, 6.4

Contraction of/expands into JDS. Very ring size-specific. Small rings can flip out of position.
(Tutorial)

Acute Mandala
(M.A.I.L.)

Japanese, Captive, Orbital

(3.0, 6.1),
etc.

3.0, 6.1

(3*5)=
15

Related to JDS. Repeats into Acute Mandala Dodecahedron. Ring size specific.
(Tutorial), (Video)

Captive / Orbital Cage

Image

Name

Family/Sub

Ring
Types

Minimum AR

Ideal AR¹

Sample

Ring Count

Note

Orbital Hex Cage Unit (OHCU)

Japanese, Orbital

single: 6.0

(4.8, 3.7, 5.3)+

4.8, 3.7, 5.3
6.0

Contraction of/expands into OHC. Medium corner, small inner, large orbital rings.

Orbital Square Cage Unit (OSCU)

Japanese, Orbital

single: 6.5

single: 6.5+

6.5

Contraction of/expands into OSC, OSCWeb.

Captive Orbital Hex Cage Unit (COHCU)

Japanese, Captive, Orbital

(6.4, 4.3, 6.4)+

6.4, 4.3, 6.4

Contraction of/expands into COHC. Large corner, small cage + captive, large orbital rings.

Captive Orbital Square Cage Unit (COSCU)

Japanese, Captive, Orbital

2 ring: (7.0, ~9.8)

(7.0, -9.9)+

7.0, 9.9

Contraction of/expands into COSC, COSCWeb. Large captive ring.

Reverse Tao Flower
(M.A.I.L.)

Japanese, Orbital

6.0

6.0 - 6.1

6.0

O2-1C 6-cell loop with 3 additional center, vertical rings held in by 3 additional edge rings. Extension of OHCU, where its corner rings are singled. Not related to Tao.

Orbital Japanese

Image

Name

Family/Sub

Ring
Types

Minimum AR

Ideal AR¹

Sample

Ring Count

Note

Orbital Japanese 6 in 2 Unit (OJ6-2U)

Japanese, Orbital

(4.8, 3.2, 4.8),
etc.

4.8, 3.2, 4.8

3 orbital connections on doubled center ring set. Contraction of/expands into OJ6-2. Ring size specific.

Orbital Japanese 8 in 2 Unit (OJ8-2U)

Japanese, Orbital

(7.0, 4.1, 5.4),
etc.

7.0, 4.1, 5.4

4 orbital connections on doubled center ring set. Contraction of/expands into OJ8-2. Ring size specific.

Orbital Japanese 10 in 2 Unit (OJ10-2U)

Japanese, Orbital

(9.5, 4.3, 5.6),
etc.

9.5, 4.3, 5.6

5 orbital connections on doubled center ring set. Ring size specific.

Orbital Japanese 12 in 2 Unit (OJ12-2U)

Japanese, Orbital

(12.5, 4.5, 5.8),
etc.

12.5, 4.5, 5.8

6 orbital connections on doubled center ring set. Contraction of/expands into OJ12-2. Ring size specific.

Orbital Unit

Image

Name

Family/Sub

Ring
Types

Minimum AR

Ideal AR¹

Sample

Ring Count

Note

Orbital Unit 3
(Trillium)**
(Maillepedia)

Japanese, Orbital

5.5

Directional swirl of 3 basic orbital connections with each orbiting off the last orbital ring. Adding one reinforced ring on each side yields Tao 3 **M.A.I.L. entry "Trillium" contains three additional rings.
(Tutorial (step 1-6))

Orbital Unit 4
(Orbital Square Sheet)**
(Maillepedia)

Japanese, Orbital

5.5

Directional swirl of 4 basic orbital connections with each orbiting off the last orbital ring. **M.A.I.L. entry for "Orbital Square Sheet" is a repeated square grid.

Orbital Unit 5
(Maillepedia)

Japanese, Orbital

single: 5.6

5.7

Directional swirl of 5 basic orbital connections with each orbiting off the last orbital ring. AR specific.

Orbital Unit 6

Japanese, Orbital

single: 6.0

6.0

Directional swirl of 6 basic orbital connections with each orbiting off the last orbital ring. Very AR specific.

Orbital Unit 7

Japanese, Orbital

6.3

Directional swirl of 7 basic orbital connections with each orbiting off the last orbital ring. Very AR specific.

(Celtic Rosette)

Celtic Rosette 4
(M.A.I.L.)

Japanese, Orbital

5.5

Directional swirl of 4 basic orbital connections with each orbiting off the last orbital ring. Each edge ring also links the successive orbital ring. Slight doming in sample displayed.

Celtic Rosette 5
(M.A.I.L.)

Japanese, Orbital

5.5

Directional swirl of 5 basic orbital connections with each orbiting off the last orbital ring. Each edge ring also links the successive orbital ring.

Celtic Rosette 6
(M.A.I.L.)

Japanese, Orbital

single: 5.5

5.5

Directional swirl of 6 basic orbital connections with each orbiting off the last orbital ring. Each edge ring also links the successive orbital ring.

Celtic Rosette 7
(M.A.I.L. gallery)

Japanese, Orbital

single: 5.7

5.7

Directional swirl of 7 basic orbital connections with each orbiting off the last orbital ring. Each edge ring also links the successive orbital ring.

Power Line / Velo

Image

Name

Family/Sub

Ring
Types

Minimum AR

Ideal AR¹

Sample

Ring Count

Note

Power Station

Japanese, Orbital

(5.0, 3.8)

(5.0, 3.8), e.g.

5.0, 3.8

Single unit of Power Line. 3-cell 4-2C with 2 orbital rings applied, each using one of the stacked pair in its center cell.

Power Line 3

Japanese, Orbital

(8.2, 7.4, 6.1), e.g.

8.2, 7.4, 6.1

3-cell Power Line chain loop.

Power Line 4

Japanese, Orbital

(5.5, 4.5)

(5.8, 4.5), e.g.

5.8, 4.5

4-cell Power Line chain loop.

Power Line 5

Japanese, Orbital

(5.5, 4.1), e.g.

5.5, 4.1

5-cell Power Line chain loop.

Power Line 6

Japanese, Orbital

(5.3. 3.9)

5.3, 3.9

6-cell Power Line chain loop.

Power Line 7

Japanese, Orbital

(5.3. 3.9)

5.3, 3.9

7-cell Power Line chain loop. At this point, no AR combo will hold structurally.

Veloop 4

Japanese, Orbital

(5.8, 4.9)**

5.8, 4.9

4-sided Velo loop. **Not tight: will squish into diamond.

Hourglass+

Image

Name

Family/Sub

Ring
Types

Minimum AR

Ideal AR¹

Sample

Ring Count

Note

Hourglass Unit (HGU)
(M.A.I.L.)
(Maillepedia)**

Japanese, Orbital

single: ~6.6

6.6+

7.0
(four units)

O2-1C loop. Folds inside out starting at 6.9 AR. Pentagonally tessellates as Hourglass Dodecahedron. **Maillepedia entry has four additional rings: one on each corner.
(Tutorial), (2)

Hourglass Unit (2)

Japanese, Orbital

single: 6.7

6.7+

6.7

HGU with 2 rings in each of 2 horizontal sets. Contraction of/expands into OHCWeb, OSC, Hourglass Hex (2). Pentagonally tessellates as Hourglass Dodecahedron (2).
(Tutorial), (2)

Hourglass Unit (3)

Japanese, Orbital

single: 7.0

7.0+

7.0

HGU with 3 rings in each of 2 horizontal sets (oriented vertically in sample image). Pentagonally tessellates as Hourglass Dodecahedron (3).
(Tutorial), (2)

Hourglass Unit (4)

Japanese, Orbital

7.5

7.5, 7.1

HGU with 4 rings in each of 2 horizontal sets (oriented vertically in sample image).
(Tutorial), (2)

Hourglass Hex

Japanese, Orbital

~6.8

6.8, 6.6

HGU repeated into a 6-sided unit. AR-sensitive.

Hourglass Hex (2)

Japanese, Orbital

single: 7.1

7.2 - 7.5

7.3

Contraction of/expands into OHCWeb. HGU(2) repeated into a 6-sided unit. AR-sensitive.

(Missing)

Missing Half An Hour Unit

Japanese, Orbital

single: 6.8

6.8+

6.8

Contraction of/expands into Missing Half An Hour.

Missing Half An Hour Unit (2)

Japanese, Orbital

single: 7.0

7.0+

7.0

Doubled horizontal rings. Contraction of/expands into Missing Half An Hour (2).

Missing Half An Hour Square Unit (2)

Japanese, Orbital

2-ring: (10.3, 7.6)

(10.3, 7.6)+

10.3, 7.6

Doubled horizontal rings. Contraction of/expands into Missing Half An Hour Square Sheet (2).

Celtic Wings

Image

Name

Family/Sub

Ring
Types

Minimum AR

Ideal AR¹

Sample

Ring Count

Note

Celtic Wings Flower
(M.A.I.L. gallery)

Japanese

(3.5, 5.5)

3.5, 5.5

6-cell Celtic Wings loop. 6 inner rings alternate position.

Celtic Unit 3 (Celtic Trio)
(M.A.I.L. gallery)

European

(4.7, 2.9, 4.3)

4.7, 2.9, 4.3, 4.2

(3*7+1)=
22

3-cell Celtic Wings chain loop with shared center ring. Both center ring, and Parallel rings are 4.7.

Celtic Unit 4

European

(6.3, 2.9, 4.7, 3.9)

6.3, 2.9, 4.7, 3.7, 4.2

(4*7+1)=
29

4-cell Celtic Wings chain loop with shared center ring.

Celtic Unit 5

European

(8.2, 2.9, 4.7, 3.9)

8.2, 2.9, 4.7, 3.9, 4.2

(5*7+1)=
36

5-cell Celtic Wings chain loop with shared center ring.

Celtic Unit 6

European

(11.1, 2.9, 4.7, 3.9)

11.1, 2.9, 4.7, 3.9, 4.2

(6*7+1)=
43

6-cell Celtic Wings chain loop with shared center ring.

Celtic Unit 7

European

(13.4, 2.9, 4.7, 3.9)

13.4, 2.9, 4.7, 3.9, 4.2

(7*7+1)=
50

7-cell Celtic Wings chain loop with shared center ring.

Celtic Unit 8

European

(15.6, 2.9, 4.7, 3.9)

15.6, 2.9, 4.7, 3.9

(8*7+1)=
57

8-cell Celtic Wings chain loop with shared center ring.

Celtic Unit 9

European

2WD

(9*6+1)=
55**

9-cell Celtic Wings chain loop with shared center ring. **Singled edge rings.

Helm+

Image

Name

Family/Sub

Ring
Types

Minimum AR

Ideal AR¹

Sample

Ring Count

Note

Scaled Helm 3 Unit

Japanese, Captive, Orbital

(3.5, 3.9, 7.4, 6.9), etc.

3.5, 3.9, 7.4, 6.9

3-cell Bumpa (non-alt) loop. Sample is a bit flexible.

Scaled Helm 4 Unit

Japanese, Captive, Orbital

(3.5, 3.9, 6.3, 6.9), etc.

3.5, 3.9, 6.3, 6.9

4-cell Bumpa (non-alt) loop. Sample is a bit flexible.

(Helm)

Helm Unit 3

Japanese, Orbital

(3.2, 5.5, 6.5)

3.2, 5.5, 6.5

3-way Helm Chain junction. Contraction of/expands into Helm Chain Web.

Helm Unit 4

Japanese, Captive, Orbital

(3.2, 5.5, 8.7)

3.2, 5.5, 8.7

4-way Helm Chain junction. Contraction of/expands into Helm Square Sheet.

Helm Unit 5

Japanese, Captive, Orbital

(3.2, 5.5, 11.1)

3.2, 5.5, 11.1

5-way Helm Chain junction. Contraction of/expands into Helm-5 Dodecahedron.

Helm Unit 6

Japanese, Captive, Orbital

(3.2, 5.5, 13.4)

3.2, 5.5, 13.4

6-way Helm Chain junction. Contraction of/expands into Helm Hex Sheet.

Helm Loop 3

Japanese, Captive, Orbital

(3.3, 5.5, 13.4)

3.3, 5.5, 13.4

3-cell Helm Chain loop. Contraction of/expands into Helm Hex Sheet, Helm-5 Dodecahedron.

Helm Loop 4

Japanese, Captive, Orbital

(3.2, 5.5, 7.7)

3.2, 5.5, 7.7

4-cell Helm Chain loop. Contraction of/expands into Helm Square Sheet.

Helm Loop 5

Japanese, Captive, Orbital

(3.2, 5.5, 6.5)

3.2, 5.5, 6.5

5-cell Helm Chain loop. Contraction of/expands into Helm Dodecahedron.

(Helmi)

Helmi Loop 3

Japanese, Captive, Orbital

(5.3, 7.4, 9.0, 11.1)

5.3, 7.4, 9.0, 11.1

3-cell Helmi loop.

Helmi Loop 4

Japanese, Captive, Orbital

(5.3, 7.4, 8.1)

5.3, 7.4, 8.1

4-cell Helmi loop.

Helmi Loop 5

Japanese, Captive, Orbital

(5.3, 7.4, 6.9)

5.3, 7.4, 6.9

5-cell Helmi loop.

Tao / Not Tao

Image

Name

Family/Sub

Ring
Types

Minimum AR

Ideal AR¹

Sample

Ring Count

Note

Tao 3
(M.A.I.L.)**
(Maillepedia)

Japanese, Orbital, Reinforced

-(4.3, 5.5)+

4.3, 5.5

Is Orbital Unit 3 with 2 added reinforced rings, one on each side. Contraction of/expands into Tao 3 Sheet. **M.A.I.L. entry is multiple units bolted together in a chain sequence.
(Tutorial), (Video)

Inverted Tao 3

Japanese, Orbital, Reinforced

7.0, 5.8

Tao 3 unit with single reinforced ring on the inside and doubled corner rings.

Upanishad
(M.A.I.L.)

Japanese, Reinforced

(3.2, 3.0, 6.7, 5.6), etc.

3.2, 3.0, 6.7, 5.6

(3*6)=
18

Contraction of/expands into NT3S. Related to NT3. Ring size specific.

(Not Tao)

UT-NT3
(M.A.I.L.)
(Maillepedia)

single: 5.2

5.2 - 5.3

5.3

Very AR-specific.

Not Tao 2 (NT2)

Japanese, Reinforced

4.5

4-cell 2-1C loop with reinforced rings on each side. Repeated chain sequence as Bee Stings, Scary Weave, Honey Bee.
(Tutorial)

Not Tao 3 (NT3)
(M.A.I.L.),
(M.A.I.L.)**
(Maillepedia)

Japanese, Reinforced

-(4.2, 5.5)+
-(3.2, 5.6, 6.7)+

3.2, 5.6, 6.7
4.2, 5.5

6-cell 2-1C loop with reinforced rings on each side. Contraction of/expands into NT3S. Repeats into NT3Web, NT3 Dodecahedron. Related to Upanishad Unit. **M.A.I.L. entry for Not Tao 3 Sheet is units bolted together.
(Tutorial), (2)

Not Tao 4 (NT4)
(M.A.I.L.)

Japanese, Reinforced

-(3.4, 9.0, 7.0)+

3.4, 9.0, 7.0
2WD

8-cell 2-1C loop with reinforced rings on each side. 4-sided NT3.

Not Tao 5 (NT5)
(M.A.I.L.)

Japanese, Reinforced

2WD**

10-cell 2-1C loop with reinforced rings on each side. 5-sided NT3. **2WD: .048" 13/64", .062" 1/2", 9/32" (mandrels listed).
(Tutorial)

Not Tao 6 (NT6)
(M.A.I.L.)

Japanese, Reinforced

2WD**

12-cell 2-1C loop with reinforced rings on each side. 6-sided NT3. **2WD: .062" .602", .048" 13/64", .062" 9/32" (mandrels listed).
(Tutorial)

Not Tao 7 (NT7)

Japanese, Reinforced

2WD**

14-cell 2-1C loop with reinforced rings on each side. 7-sided NT3. **2WD: .062" .708", .048" 13/64", .062" 9/32" (mandrels listed).

Not Tao 8 (NT8)

Japanese, Reinforced

2WD**

16-cell 2-1C loop with reinforced rings on each side. 8-sided NT3. **2WD: .062" .708", .048" 13/64", .062" 29/128" (mandrels listed).

Not Tao 9 (NT9)

Japanese, Reinforced

3WD**

18-cell 2-1C loop with reinforced rings on each side. 9-sided NT3. **3WD: .080" .850", .048" 15/64", .062" 7/32" (mandrels listed).

Celtic Visions / Borealis+

Image

Name

Family/Sub

Ring
Types

Minimum AR

Ideal AR¹

Sample

Ring Count

Note

Celtic Circle 3 (Borealis Unit)
(M.A.I.L.)

Japanese

(-3.3, -8.3+),
(2WD)

3.3, 8.3

(3*7)=
21

3-cell Celtic chain loop. Contraction of/expands into Borealis. See also Triangle.

Celtic Circle 4 (CC4)

Japanese

(3.0, >5.1)

-(3.1, 5.5)+

3.1, 5.5

(4*7)=
28

4-cell Celtic chain loop.

Celtic Circle 5 (CC5)

Japanese

-(3.1, 5.1)+

3.1, 5.1

(5*7)=
35

5-cell Celtic chain loop.

Celtic Visions Circle 4 (CVC4)
(M.A.I.L.)

Japanese

3.0, 6.1

(3.0, 6.1) - (3.3, 6.6)

3.3, 6.3

(4*8)=
32

4-cell CV chain loop.

Celtic Visions Circle 5 (CVC5)
(M.A.I.L.)

Japanese

(3.0, 5.5) - (3.3, 6.0)

3.0, 5.5

(5*8)=
40

5-cell CV chain loop. Adding corner rings produces CVC5Star.

Hexagram

Japanese

(7.7, 5.5)

7.7, 5.5

6-cell LCV loop. Ring size specific.

Kinetics Loop 4

Japanese

(2.6, 3.1, 4.4, 5.8)

2.6, 3.1, 4.4, 5.8

(4*6)=
24

4-cell Kinetics loop. Very ring size specific.

Aura
(M.A.I.L.)**
(Maillepedia)

Japanese

3.0, 5.6

Contraction of/expands into Borealis, CWeb, Aura Dodecahedron. Unstable as a standalone. **M.A.I.L. entry is multiple units bolted together in chain sequence. (Tutorial),

Inverted Aura
(M.A.I.L.)
(Maillepedia)

Japanese

(3.0, >5.6)

(3.0, -6.0+)

3.0, 6.0

Contraction of/expands into Borealis, Inverted Aura Dodecahedron.

Inverted Aura 4
(M.A.I.L.)**

Japanese

2WD

4-sided Inverted Aura. Very ring size specific without stabilization. **M.A.I.L. entry has stabilizer rings around edge, and much smaller center ring.

(Uclid)

Uclid Loop 3

Japanese

(3.3, 5.5, 13.4)

3.5, 5.5

3-cell Uclid loop.

Uclid Loop 4

Japanese

(3.2, 5.5, 7.7)

3.2, 5.5, 7.7

4-cell Uclid loop.

Ouro / Space Invaders

Image

Name

Family/Sub

Ring
Types

Minimum AR

Ideal AR¹

Sample

Ring Count

Note

Ouro 3

European

(4.1, 8.9)

4.1, 8.9

1-2-1-2 Chain wrapped around large, central ring. Fastened by ring pairs at 3 edges. Very ring size specific.

Ouro 4

European

(4.1, 11.1)

4.1, 11.1

1-2-1-2 Chain wrapped around large, central ring. Fastened by ring pairs at 4 edges. Very ring size specific.

Ouro 5

European

4.1, 13.4, 4.2

1-2-1-2 Chain wrapped around large, central ring. Fastened by ring pairs at 5 edges. Very ring size specific.

Ouro 6

European

4.1, 15.6

1-2-1-2 Chain wrapped around large, central ring. Fastened by ring pairs at 6 edges. Very ring size specific.

Ouro 7

European

2WD

1-2-1-2 Chain wrapped around large, central ring. Fastened by ring pairs at 7 edges. Very ring size specific.

Space Invaders 3
(M.A.I.L.)

European

4.3, 9.0, 4.2

Ouro 3 plus edge rings. Very ring size specific.

Space Invaders 4
(M.A.I.L.)

European

4.1, 11.1, 4.2

Ouro 4 plus edge rings. Very ring size specific.

Space Invaders 5

European

4.1, 13.4, 4.2

Ouro 5 plus edge rings. Very ring size specific.

Space Invaders 6

European

4.1, 15.6

Ouro 6 plus edge rings. Very ring size specific.

Space Invaders 7

European

3WD

Ouro 7 plus edge rings. Very ring size specific.

It's A Trap! 7

European, Japanese

2WD

Ouro 7/Space Invaders 7 design with added central Japanese-based weave filling. Very ring size specific.

Vipera Star

Image

Name

Family/Sub

Ring
Types

Minimum AR

Ideal AR¹

Sample

Ring Count

See also: Berus (weaves).

Vipera Star 3

European, Spiral

(3.6, 4.5)

(3.6, 4.5)+

3.6, 4.5

Berused 2-1Chain wrapped around a central ring. Is basis of Hoodoo Hex (without center ring).

Vipera Star
(M.A.I.L.)

European, Spiral

~(3.6, 5.6)

(3.6, 5.6) - (3.8, 6.0)

3.6, 5.6

Berused 2-1Chain wrapped around a central ring. Is basis of Hoodoo Sheet (without center ring).
(Tutorial), (Video)

Vipera Star 5

European, Spiral

(3.6, -7.1)

3.6, 7.1

Berused 2-1Chain wrapped around a central ring.

Vipera Star 6

European, Spiral

(3.6, <9.3)

3.6, 9.3

Berused 2-1Chain wrapped around a central ring.

Vipera Star 7

European, Spiral

(3.6, -11.1)

3.6, 11.1

Berused 2-1Chain wrapped around a central ring.

Vipera Star 8

European, Spiral

(3.6, -13.4)

3.6, 13.4

Berused 2-1Chain wrapped around a central ring.

Vipera Star 9

European, Spiral

3.6, 15.6**

Berused 2-1Chain wrapped around a central ring. **Large ring slightly oversized in sample.

Byzantine+

Image

Name

Family/Sub

Ring
Types

Minimum AR

Ideal AR¹

Sample

Ring Count

Note

Byzantine 3 Unit (Byz3U)

European

(3.2, (3.9 or 4.0))

3.3, 4.0

(3*6+2)=
20

3 Byz cells off central doubled ring set. Contraction of/expands into Byz Web.

Byzantine 4 Unit (Byz4U)

European

(3.2, (5.4 or 5.5))

3.3, 5.4

(4*6+2)=
26

4 Byz cells off central doubled ring set. Contraction of/expands into Byz Web Square.

Byzantine 5 Unit (Byz5U)

European

3.3, 7.0

(5*6+2)=
32

5 Byz cells off central doubled ring set. Pentagonally tessellates as Byz Dodecahedron.

Byzantine 6 Unit (Byz6U)

European

(3.2, (8.4 or 8.5))

3.2, 8.5

(6*6+2)=
38

6 Byz cells off central doubled ring set. Contraction of/expands into Byz Web Triangle.

December/Celtic Labyrinth

Image

Name

Family/Sub

Ring
Types

Minimum AR

Ideal AR¹

Sample

Ring Count

Note

December 3

European

(3.6, 4.5, 7.4)

3.6, 4.5, 7.4

Byz3U with added corner rings spreading open Byz terminated ends.

December 4 (Celtic Labyrinth), (Byzantine Diamond)
(M.A.I.L.)
(Maillepedia)**

European

(3.6, 6.6)

3.6, 6.6

Byz4U with added corner rings spreading open Byz terminated ends. **Maillepedia entry is bolted sequence of units.
(Tutorial), (Video), (2)

December 5
(M.A.I.L. gallery)

European

(3.6, 8.7)

3.6, 8.7

Byz5U with added corner rings spreading open Byz terminated ends.
(Video)

December
(M.A.I.L.)

European

(3.6, 11.1)

3.6, 11.1

Byz6U with added corner rings spreading open Byz terminated ends.

December 7

European

(3.5, 12.1)

3.5, 12.1

Byz7U with added corner rings spreading open Byz terminated ends.

December 8

European

(3.5, 13.4)

3.5, 13.4

Byz8U with added corner rings spreading open Byz terminated ends.

December 9

European

2WD

Byz9U with added corner rings spreading open Byz terminated ends.

December 10

European

2WD

Byz10U with added corner rings spreading open Byz terminated ends.

Image

Name

Family/Sub

Ring
Types

Minimum AR

Ideal AR¹

Sample

Ring Count

Note

B^3
(M.A.I.L.)**

Japanese, European

>4.4

-4.7

4.7

(3*8)=
24

3-cell B^ Chain loop. Repeats into B^3 Web. **M.A.I.L. entry has inside set of rings singled.

B^2 (B^4)
(M.A.I.L.)

Japanese, European

4.1

(4*8)=
32

4-cell B^ Chain loop. Ring size specific.
(Tutorial), (Video)

B^5

Japanese, European

(4.0, 3.6)

4.0, 3.6

(5*8)=
40

5-cell B^ Chain loop. Very ring size specific.

B^3+1

Japanese, European

(4.2, 3.9, 4.1)

4.2, 3.9, 4.1

22**

B^3 unit with an added central (hidden in picture) ring. **singled connectors.

B^2+1 (B^4+1)
(M.A.I.L.)

Japanese, European

4.4

B^2 unit with an extra ring in the middle for structure. Ideal chess king topper.

B^5+1

Japanese, European

(6.9, 4.4, 3.7)

6.9, 4.4, 3.7
(group)

B^5 with added central ring.

B^6+1

Japanese, European

(8.7, 4.5, 3.7)

8.7, 4.5, 3.7

B5+1 side adding progression.

B^7+1

Japanese, European

(11.1, 4.5, 3.7)

11.1, 4.5, 3.7

B6+1 side adding progression.

B^8+1

Japanese, European

(13.4, 4.5, 3.7)

13.4, 4.5, 3.7

B7+1 side adding progression.

B^9+1

Japanese, European

2WD

B8+1 side adding progression.

B^10+1

Japanese, European

2WD

B9+1 side adding progression.

B^ G-Units

Image

Name

Family/Sub

Ring
Types

Minimum AR

Ideal AR¹

Sample

Ring Count

Note

B3g

European

(5.5, 4.0, 4.9)

5.5, 4.0, 4.9

(3*5)+2=
17

Inverted B^3 unit.

B2g (B4g)
(M.A.I.L.)

European

(6.5, 4.1, 4.2)

6.5, 4.1, 4.2

(4*5)+2=
22

B3g side adding progression.
(Tutorial),

B5g

European

(8.4, 4.1, 4.2)

8.4, 4.1, 4.2

(5*5)+2=
27

B4g side adding progression.

B6g

European

(11.1, 4.1, 4.4)

11.1, 4.1, 4.4

(6*5)+2=
32

B5g side adding progression.

B7g

European

(13.4, 4.1, 4.2)

13.4, 4.1, 4.2

(7*5)+2=
37

B6g side adding progression.

B8g

European

2WD

(8*5)+2=
42

B7g side adding progression.

B9g

European

2WD

(9*5)+2=
47

B8g side adding progression.

B^ / G-Unit Combo

Image

Name

Family/Sub

Ring
Types

Minimum AR

Ideal AR¹

(group)

Ring Count

Note

B2g^2

Japanese, European

(5.8, 4.7, 3.7, 4.2)

5.8, 4.7, 3.7, 4.2

Alternates between B^ and B#g knots. Large center ring.

B3g^3

Japanese, European

(9.0, 4.5, 3.7, 4.2)

9.0, 4.5, 3.7, 4.2

Alternates between B^ and B#g knots. Large center ring. Very ring size specific.

B4g^4

Japanese, European

(13.4, 4.5, 3.9, 4.2), 2WD

13.4, 4.5, 3.9, 4.2

Alternates between B^ and B#g knots. Large center ring. Very ring size specific.

Oriental Scale Hugger

Image

Name

Family/Sub

Ring
Types

Minimum AR

Ideal AR¹

Sample

Ring Count

Note

Oriental Scale 3 Hugger

Japanese, Captive, Orbital

(3.9, 8.2)

3.9, 8.2

3-cell 1-2-1-2 Chain pulled around one large ring and clamped together by hugger rings, two per cell. Ring size specific. WD of hugger rings must fit the space and have them lock in place. OS with very specifically-sized added corner rings that hug the outside edge.

Oriental Scale 4 Hugger

Japanese, Captive, Orbital

(3.9, 4.4, 11.1, 3.5)

3.9, 4.4, 11.1, 3.5

4-cell 1-2-1-2 Chain pulled around, and clamped onto one large, central ring. Very ring size specific. WD of hugger rings must fit the space and have them lock in place. OS4 with very specifically-sized added corner rings that hug the outside edge. Hugger rings are 3.5. Corner rings are 3.9.

Oriental Scale 5 Hugger

Japanese, Captive, Orbital

(3.9, 4.5, 13.4, 3.5), etc.

3.9, 4.5, 13.4, 3.5

5-cell 1-2-1-2 Chain pulled around, and clamped onto one large, central ring. Very ring size specific. WD of hugger rings must fit the space and have them lock in place. OS5 with very specifically-sized added corner rings that hug the outside edge. Hugger rings are 3.5. Corner rings are 3.9.

Oriental Scale 6 Hugger

Japanese, Captive, Orbital

4.0, 4.5, 15.6, 3.6

6-cell 1-2-1-2 Chain pulled around one large ring and clamped together by hugger rings, two per cell. Very ring size specific. WD of hugger rings must fit the space and have them lock in place. Hugger rings are 3.6. Corner rings are 4.0.

(Half Hugger)

Single hugger ring per cell: can be placed in either position.

Oriental Scale 4 Half Hugger

Japanese, Captive, Orbital

(3.9, 4.1, 11.1)

3.9, 4.1, 11.1

4-cell 1-2-1-2 Chain pulled around a large ring and clamped by hugger rings. Very ring size specific. OS4 with very specifically-sized added corner rings that hug the outside edge. Corner rings are 3.9.

Oriental Scale 5 Half Hugger

Japanese, Captive, Orbital

(3.9, 4.3, 13.4), etc.

3.9, 4.3, 13.4

5-cell 1-2-1-2 Chain pulled around a large ring and clamped by hugger rings. Very ring size specific. OS5 with very specifically-sized added corner rings that hug the outside edge. Corner rings are 3.9.

Oriental Scale 6 Half Hugger

Japanese, Captive, Orbital

2WD

6-cell 1-2-1-2 Chain pulled around one large ring and clamped together by hugger rings, one per cell. Very ring size specific.

Oriental Scale 7 Half Hugger

Japanese, Captive, Orbital

2WD

7-cell 1-2-1-2 Chain pulled around a large ring and clamped by hugger rings. Very ring size specific.

Oriental Scale 8 Half Hugger

Japanese, Captive, Orbital

2WD

8-cell 1-2-1-2 Chain pulled around a large ring and clamped by hugger rings. Very ring size specific.

Oriental Scale 9 Half Hugger

Japanese, Captive, Orbital

2WD

9-cell 1-2-1-2 Chain pulled around a large ring and clamped by hugger rings. Very ring size specific.

Oriental Scale 10 Half Hugger

Japanese, Captive, Orbital

2WD

10-cell 1-2-1-2 Chain pulled around a large ring and clamped by hugger rings. Very ring size specific.

Oriental Scale 11 Half Hugger

Japanese, Captive, Orbital

2WD

11-cell 1-2-1-2 Chain pulled around a large ring and clamped by hugger rings. Very ring size specific.

Extended

Image

Name

Family/Sub

Ring
Types

Minimum AR

Ideal AR¹

Sample

Ring Count

Note

Compass Rose
(M.A.I.L.)
(Maillepedia)

European, Spiral, Captive

2WD**

Hoodoo Chain loop surrounds 2 central captive rings. 8 protruding rings. Very ring size specific. **2WD: .062" 3/16", .100" 7/16" - not entirely stable: captives can be forced out. Minimum security prison.

Byzee Beez Loop 4 (Plus 1)

European

(4.1, 3.5)

4.1, 3.5

4-cell Byzee Beez loop with additional stabilizing ring in the center. Ring size specific.

Byzantine Halo Unit
(M.A.I.L.)**

European

3WD

Single Byz segment locked around large, central ring, and pinned at sides. Ring size specific. **M.A.I.L. entry for Byzantine Halo is chain sequence.

Triangle
(M.A.I.L.)

Japanese, European

2WD

(3*9)=
27

CC3 with visions (CVC3 doesn't work well on its own), added corners, and enhanced edges.
(Tutorial)

Triumvirate
(M.A.I.L.)

Japanese, Orbital

2WD
2WD

Built off J3-1. 3 ring sizes in most cases, ideally in multiple WDs. Sample: .062" aluminum 1/8", 1/4", .080" copper 1/4".
(Tutorial)

Triumvirate (2)

Japanese, Orbital

2WD

Built off J6-2. 5 ring sizes used in sample: .062" 3/16", 7/32", 1/4", and .080" 13/32", 5/16" (mandrels listed).

Image

Name

Family/Sub

Ring
Types

Minimum AR

Ideal AR¹

Sample

Ring Count

Note

Celtic Star
(M.A.I.L.)

Japanese

-(3.3, 5.5)+

3.3, 5.5

(5*9)=
45

CVC5 unit with rings added to 5 outside corners. Center ring(s) optional.
(Tutorial), (Video)

Helmish Aura Unit
(M.A.I.L.)**

Japanese, Orbital

(3.1, 5.8)

3.1, 5.8

2 Aura units connected with, and terminated by Helm Chain segments. **M.A.I.L. entry for Helmish Aura is a chain sequence.

Quadratic 2 in 1 Unit
(M.A.I.L.)
(Maillepedia)

Spiral

-8.4 - 8.7

set

4-ring 2-1C forced spiral unit.

Mercury Unit
(M.A.I.L.), (2-1 ByzCaptive)
(Maillepedia), (2-1 ByzCaptive)**

Japanese, European

single: ~3.8

3.9

2-ring 2-1C segment with 4-ring "Box" enclosure. Integrates into Hoodoo Chain. Repeats as Mercury. **M.A.I.L., and Maillepedia entries are chain sequences.

Mercury (King Core) Unit

Japanese, European

-4.6 - 5.0

4.6

2-cell 4-2C segment with 4-ring "Box" enclosure. Repeats as Mercury (King Core).

(Non-Radial)

Minerva Unit
(Minverva), (Byz Double Knot)**

European

5.0 - 5.1

5.0

8-cell 4-2C folded back completely and locked in place with two additional rings. **Single unit as found in Minerva, and Byz Double Knot chains.
(Tutorial), (Video)

Airplane
(M.A.I.L.)

European, Japanese

(5.3, 4.8, 4.0, 3.6), etc.

5.3, 4.8, 4.0, 3.6

(Tutorial)

(Unit A)

Unit A 8

European

2WD

Very ring size specific.

Unit A 8 Alt

European

2WD

Very ring size specific. Sample is slighly loose.

Unit A 8 Alt 2

European

2WD

Very ring size specific.

Unit A 8 Alt 3

European

2WD

Very ring size specific.

Orb

Image

Name

Family/Sub

Ring
Types

Minimum AR

Ideal AR¹

Samples

Ring Count

Repeats into Tetra Orb Cube.

Tetra Orb
(M.A.I.L.)
(Maillepedia)

Japanese, Orbital

single: 6.0

6.0 - 6.1+

6.0

(4+6*2)=
16

4-ring tetrahedron core. 6 edges each have an orbital ring held in place by a protruding ring.
(Tutorial)

Tetra Orb (2)

Japanese, Orbital

single: 6.2

6.2 - 6.6

6.2

(4+6*3)=
22

Double protruding rings. Dimensionalises as TOT Cube. Repeats into Tetra Orb Cube (2).
(Tutorial).

Tetra Orb (3)

Japanese, Orbital

single: 6.6

6.6+

6.7

(4+6*4)=
28

Triple protruding rings.
(Tutorial)

(Johnson Solid)

Johnson Solid Steel Ball
(M.A.I.L.)

Japanese, Orbital

single: 6.7

6.7 - 7.0

6.7
(2)

(6+9*2)=
24

6-ring hedron core. 9 edges each have an orbital ring held in place by a protruding ring.

Johnson Solid Steel Ball (2)

Japanese, Orbital

single: 6.8

6.8 - 7.0+

6.8
(2)

(6+9*3)=
33

Double protruding rings.

Johnson Solid Steel Ball (3)

Japanese, Orbital

single 7.3

7.3+

7.3
(2)

(6+9*4)=
42

Triple protruding rings.

(Octa)

Octa Orb

Japanese, Orbital

single: 7.0

7.0

7.0
(2)

(8+12*2)=
32

8-ring octahedron core. 12 edges each have an orbital ring held in place by a protruding ring.

Octa Orb (2)

Japanese, Orbital

7.3 - <7.8

7.3
(2)

(8+12*3)=
44

Double protruding rings.

Octa Orb (3)

Japanese, Orbital

7.8+

7.8

(8+12*4)=
56

Triple protruding rings.

(Hexa)

Hexa Orb

Japanese, Orbital

9.3, 5.8, 4.3
(2) (3)

(6+12*2)=
30

6-ring hexahedron (cube) core. 12 edges each have an orbital ring held in place by a protruding ring.

Hexa Orb (2)

Japanese, Orbital

9.3, 6.7, 5.5
(2)

(6+12*3)=
42

Double protruding rings. Sample is a bit loose.

Hexa Orb (3)

Japanese, Orbital

11, 7.0, 5.9, 5.7
(2) (3)

(6+12*4)=
54

Triple protruding rings.

(Dodeca)

Dodeca Orb (2)

Japanese, Orbital

13, 7.0, 5.9
(2)

102

12-ring dodecahedron core. 30 edges each have an orbital ring held in place by protruding rings, doubled.

Dodecahedron

Image

Name

Family/Sub

Ring
Types

Minimum AR

Ideal AR¹

Sample

Ring Count

Plus Dodeca Orb, just above.

Japanese 5 in 1 (J5-1)
(M.A.I.L.)

Japanese

2.1, 2.7

Cross between J4-1, and J6-1. Forced dodecahedron.
(Tutorial), (Video)

Japanese 10 in 2 (J10-2)

Japanese

2.7, 4.7, 5.4**

Kinged J5-1. Cross between J8-2, and J12-2. Forced dodecahedron. **Large ring pair has smaller ring on inside.
(Video)

Celtic Visions Dodecahedron
(M.A.I.L.)

Japanese

2WD
(2)

242

CV-based. CVWeb with pentagonal tessellation. a.k.a. "Celtic Rose Sheet (Pentagonal Tessellation)".

Aura Dodecahedron

Japanese

3.2, 5.0, 5.8

180

Aura units forming dodecahedron. CWeb with pentagonal tessellation. CV Dodecahedron without the "visions" rings.

Inverted Aura Dodecahedron

Japanese

3.1, 5.0, 6.0, 6.3

180

Inverted Aura units forming dodecahedron.

Helm Dodecahedron

Japanese, Captive, Orbital

3.5, 5.9, 6.6, 7.5

130

Helm Chain-based. Helm Chain Web with pentagonal tessellation.

Helm-5 Dodecahedron

Japanese, Captive, Orbital

(2WD)

3.5, 5.9. 11.0, 12.5

114

Helm Unit 5 expanded into a dodecahedron. Ring size specific.

Orbital Japanese 6 in 2 Dodecahedron
(M.A.I.L.)

Japanese, Orbital

3.2, 4.9, 5.3

160

OJ6-2U forming dodecahedron. OJ6-2 with pentagonal tessellation. Ring size specific.

Hourglass Dodecahedron

Japanese, Orbital

single: 6.9 or 7.0

6.9? - 7.0

7.0

140

Hourglass Units with pentagonal tessellation forced into a sphere.
(Tutorial)

Hourglass Dodecahedron (2)
(M.A.I.L.)

Japanese, Orbital

single: 7.1

7.1 - 7.2

7.4, 7.3, 6.6
7.1

160

Double center rings. Hourglass Unit (2) with pentagonal tessellation forced into a sphere. Related to OHC, OHCWeb.
(Tutorial)

Hourglass Dodecahedron (3)

Japanese, Orbital

single: 7.7

7.7+

7.7

180

Triple center rings. Hourglass Unit (3) with pentagonal tessellation forced into a sphere.
(Tutorial)

Image

Name

Family/Sub

Ring
Types

Minimum AR

Ideal AR¹

Sample

Ring Count

Note

Orbital Hex Cage Unit Dodecahedron

Japanese, Orbital

6.0, 6.2, 6.8

160

OHCU forming dodecahedron. OHCUWeb with pentagonal tessellation. Ring size specific.

Orbital Pentagonal Cage Unit Dodecahedron

Japanese, Orbital

8.7, 7.3, 6.4
(2)

110

5-sided OHC/OSC unit forming dodecahedron.

Acute Mandala Dodecahedron

Japanese, Orbital

(3.1, 6.2, <8.7, <9.5)

3.1, 6.2, 8.7, 9.5

240

Acute Mandala units forming dodecahedron. Very ring size specific.

Oriental Scale (OS) Dodecahedron
(M.A.I.L. gallery)

Japanese, Orbital

(3.2, 6.9, 5.8)

3.2, 6.9, 5.8

120

OS units forming dodecahedron. JDS Web with pentagonal tessellation.

Not Tao 3 (NT3) Dodecahedron
(M.A.I.L.)

Japanese, Reinforced

(4.2, 4.7, 5.0)

4.2, 4.7, 5.0

120

NT3 units forming dodecahedron. NT3 Web with pentagonal tessellation.

M3 Dodecahedron

Spiral/Mobius

~2.3

2.4

Mobius 3s repeated into a dodecahedron. M3 with pentagonal tessellation. Ring size-specific. Sample is wrapped around a marble for stability.

Hoodoo Dodecahedron

Spiral

3.0

240

Hoodoo Chain-based dodecahedron. Hoodoo Web with pentagonal tessellation. Ring size specific.

4 Winds Dodecahedron

Persian

(3.1, 7.7)

3.1, 7.7

192

4 Winds segments forming doecahedron. 4 Winds Hex Sheet with pentagonal tessellation instead.

Byzantine Dodecahedron

European

(3.3, 7.2)

3.3, 7.2

324

10-ring Byz segments tessellated pentagonally, continued into a sphere. Byz5U forming dodecahedron. Byz Web with pentagonal tessellation.

Trizantine Dodecahedron

European

<(4.3, 5.4, 6.1, 10.8)

4.3, 5.4, 6.1, 10.8

444

14-ring Triz segments tessellated pentagonally, continued into a sphere. Triz Web with pentagonal tessellation. Ring size specific. Sample is loose.

Mobius

Image

Name

Family/Sub

Ring
Types

Minimum AR

Ideal AR

Sample

Ring Count

Basis of many Spiral weaves.

Mobius Ball
(M.A.I.L.)
(Maillepedia)

Spiral/Mobius

-6.0 - 14.0+

variable

Sphere composed of several same-size rings, with each passing through every other ring, consistently leaning in the same direction.
(Tutorial), (2)

Mobius 3

Spiral/Mobius

2.0

2.1+

table

Three ring mobius. Base construct of Hoodoo Hex, Voodoo Hex. Repeats into M3, Dragog. Chain sequenced as Mobius Chain, Flower, Daisy Chain 1, Daisy Chain 2. These "units" sometimes replaces single rings in weaves to modify their appearance/behaviour.